is child labour existing in tunisia if yes what are the reasons ande the solutions

Does child labour exist in Tunisia? If so, what are the reasons and some potential solutions.

Child labour is a problem in Tunisia, as it is in many other developing countries. Both formal and informal sectors of the economy engage in the employment of, by United Nations International Labour Organisation definitions, child labour. 

The causes are varied but may broadly be divided into endogenous (that is, driven by internal factors) and exogenous causes (globalisation of trade). Poverty and a lack of education opportunities drive children into work prematurely. There is often pressure for children to become economically active as early as possible due to fund basic cost of living expenses. Where any legislation that is theoretically applicable and prohibits the use of child labour, it is often laxly enforced either due to lack of state resources or corruption. 

Children are often seen by businesses as a low cost labour resource and in an era of international competition where supply chains link factories in Tunis (or Phnom Penh) with shops in New York, a race to the bottom sees cheap wages as being a key competitive tool. In labour intensive industries such as the clothing industry, low wages allow a T-shirt to leave a factory in the developing world for less than a dollar to be sold for perhaps ten times this amount in a branch of Marks and Spencers.

Potential solutions need to address both the poverty of options for children in Tunisia and the globalisation of manufacturing supply chains. International organisations such as the United Nations should work with the Tunisian state to direct resources into education and mechanisms that permit children to stay in education for longer (such as state benefits for families with children of school age). At the same time, pressure should be brought to bear on international companies to verify that their suppliers do not employ children. In short, a purchasing manager at Walmart, Carrefour or Tescos should be able to certify that their suppliers meet the same kind of employment standards, with respect to child labour, that exist in their own countries.